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Now wait a minute, you might be thinking. The light given off, if enough heat is generated in the process, is visible to the human eye. The leftover energy is released in the form of photons, or light units. So, what happens to that extra energy? After all, energy cannot be created or destroyed, according to the laws of physics. Then, they fall back to their normal energy state. The atoms begin to vibrate, and they’re momentarily boosted to a higher energy level. The electrons bump into the atoms of the filament, and those little collisions cause the atoms to heat up. Electrical current is nothing more than the movement of free electrons, which are one type of subatomic particle. When electrical current flows, it moves between the two contacts by way of the stiff wires and the filament.

Two stiff wires run between the contacts and the bulb’s filament, which is made of tungsten.

Housed in the base are two metal contacts that connect with the electrical circuit supplying power to the fixture. You probably also recognize the screw-in base of a light bulb. That filament is key to the operation of the bulb. You’ve probably had the experience of having a bulb burn out and hearing or seeing the loose filament inside. Most people are more familiar with the inner workings of old incandescent bulbs, or at least their appearance, which hasn’t changed all that much since the early days of home electricity. Pro hint: choosing the right type of bulb can save you money in the long term! How Incandescent Light Bulbs Work Energy at the atomic level Once you understand the simple science behind each, you can make the best decision about what type of bulb to use in your buildings. This article explains how incandescent, fluorescent, and LED bulbs work. Have you ever wondered: how does a light bulb work? It might sound like a piece of relatively useless trivia, but actually, this is a helpful bit of information. The More You Know: How Does a Light Bulb Work?